Landscape Planning Tendency for Three Historical Phase in Contemporary China
発表者／presenter’s name：〇Siyu Liu 1，Hyeyoung Choi 2
所属／Affiliation：1 Graduate School of Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea，2 School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea

要旨／Abstract
The contemporary history of China extends from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 to the present day. Based on the transformation of social form from an agricultural, rustic, and closed and semi-closed society to an open, global, sustainable and ecological society, the contemporary China’s landscape planning tendency can be categorized into three phases: the first from 1949 to 1978, the second from 1978 to 2000, and the third from 2000 to the present. In the initial phase, in the reference to the Soviet model of “Socialist content and national form,” Chinese landscape planning adopted “Chinese but new” model, where “Chinese” refers to traditional Chinese gardens, and “new” refers to cultural rest parks with socialist spiritual content and political intent. The second stage is China’s City Beautiful Movement, a citywide landscaping campaign aimed at enhancing urban greening, sanitation, and municipal engineering to improve the city’s image after “Reform and Open.” Large-scale geometric municipal and cultural squares, and similarly styled landscaped avenues are appearing across the nation. The third phase of landscape planning focuses on responding to sustainable development, ecological crises, rapid urbanization, de-industrialization, and homogenization brought about by globalization. Thus landscape planning revolves around themes such as drosscape, including post-industrial landscape and abandoned land transformation, urban event landscapes, and sponge cities. A retrospective study, by identifying the uniqueness of each phase’s landscape planning, concludes that Chinese contemporary landscape show a tendency that are closely interwined with urban development and cultural identification.

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